Veggie Blog

When you think of sports fitness, you probably picture the games themselves: football, tennis, swimming or running. Sports are a fun way to stay fit, and they are also physically demanding. Unlike general fitness, which is mostly about health, sports fitness is about building the strength, stamina and skill to perform in your chosen activity. Four everyday habits can help you do that.

1. How much should you drink?

Water is the one thing your body cannot do without. When you sweat a lot and do not replace the lost fluid, you risk dehydration and heat illness, which can be serious. Drink before, during and after exercise, and more in hot weather. For most workouts that last less than an hour, water is enough. For long or very intense sessions, or exercise in the heat, a sports drink can help, because it provides carbohydrate for energy and electrolytes such as sodium that you lose in sweat. Many sports drinks are also high in sugar, so you do not need them for a short walk or a gym session. The CDC’s guidance on heat and athletes has practical tips.

2. Why eat more vegetables and fruit?

People who play sports need a good supply of vitamins, minerals and fiber, and vegetables and fruit are among the best sources. They also supply antioxidants and carbohydrate to fuel your activity. Aim to fill half of your plate with them, and add whole grains, beans, nuts and a source of protein. Eating well gives your muscles what they need to recover and helps you to cope with the demands of training. If you are vegetarian, you may enjoy our post on building stronger bones as a veggie.

3. How much calcium do you need?

Strong bones help to prevent stress fractures and other injuries. According to the National Institutes of Health, adults aged 19 to 50 need 1,000 milligrams of calcium a day, and women over 50 and everyone over 70 need 1,200 milligrams. Milk, yogurt and cheese are rich in calcium. If you eat a plant-based diet, good sources include calcium-fortified soy milk and other plant drinks, tofu set with calcium, and some leafy greens such as kale and bok choy. Sardines with their bones are another source for those who eat fish. Food is the best source. The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements lists the amounts you need and encourages you to talk to a health care provider before you take a supplement.

4. Why is warming up so important?

A warm-up prepares the muscles, joints and heart for exercise and lowers the risk of injury. Start with five to ten minutes of light activity, such as jogging in place or an easy bike ride, and then do movements that look like your sport. If you play tennis, swing your arms and rotate your hips. If you run, do some leg swings and lunges. Save long static stretches for after the session, when your muscles are warm. Cool down with some gentle walking, and then stretch.

Putting it together

Sports fitness is a combination of good food, enough fluid, strong bones and a sensible warm-up. Add rest days, sleep and well-fitting gear, and you will be able to enjoy your sport for years. For more advice, see our posts on preventing sports injuries, moderate exercise for fitness and health and fitness.

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